Abstract Oolong tea (Camellia sinensis), a partially oxidized tea situated between green and black teas, contains catechins (e.g., EGCG) and theaflavins alongside caffeine and L-theanine. Mechanistic and limited clinical evidence suggest tea polyphenols may…
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Abstract Onion (Allium cepa) is a widely consumed allium vegetable rich in flavonols (notably quercetin glycosides), sulfur-containing compounds, prebiotic fructans, and phenolic acids. Across observational studies, higher intake of allium vegetables—including…
Read moreOmega-6 fatty acids (chiefly linoleic acid, LA) are essential nutrients that humans must obtain from food. They are precursors to bioactive lipid mediators that influence inflammation, immunity, and cell growth—processes that matter for the prostate. Contrary…
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Olive-derived foods and extracts—particularly extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), table olives, and olive leaf polyphenols—contain bioactives (hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, oleocanthal, tyrosol) with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects. Preclinical…
Read moreAbstract Oleander (Nerium oleander) is a widely recognized ornamental plant known for its striking flowers and historical use in folk medicine. Despite its medicinal reputation in traditional systems, oleander is also highly toxic due to its cardiac glycosides,…
Read moreOctodrine, also known as DMHA (1,5-Dimethylhexylamine), is a psychoactive stimulant originally developed in the mid-20th century as a nasal decongestant and bronchodilator. In recent decades, it has resurfaced in the fitness and supplement industry…
Read moreOctacosanol is a long-chain aliphatic alcohol (C28H58O), primarily derived from plant waxes such as wheat germ oil, sugarcane wax, rice bran, alfalfa, spinach, and various leafy vegetables. As a constituent of policosanol, a natural mixture of fatty alcohols,…
Read moreOak Moss (Evernia prunastri) is a lichen commonly found on oak, fir, pine, and other trees across temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere. Renowned for its rich, woody fragrance, oak moss has been extensively harvested — particularly in South-Central…
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Abstract Oak bark, derived primarily from the Quercus robur (English oak) and Quercus alba (white oak) species, has been a cornerstone in traditional herbal medicine for centuries. Rich in tannins, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds, it has been…
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Abstract Nux vomica, derived from the seeds of Strychnos nux‑vomica, contains potent alkaloids—strychnine and brucine—that render it highly toxic. While traditional medicine and homeopathy attribute a spectrum of urinary, prostate, and general health…
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Nutmeg is the seed of Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree native to Indonesia’s Banda (Spice) Islands. The reddish aril surrounding the seed is processed separately as mace; both spices share aromatic compounds but have distinct flavors. Nutmeg contains…
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Northern Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum americanum), also known as toothache tree, yellow wood, or suterberry, is a deciduous shrub native to North America. Belonging to the Rutaceae family, this plant has been used in traditional Native American and…
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